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Scheduled Message and Delayed Message

Last updated: 2023-09-12 16:09:41
    This document describes the concepts and usage of scheduled message and delayed message in TDMQ for RocketMQ.

    Relevant Concepts

    Scheduled message: After a message is sent to the server, the business may want the consumer to receive it at a later time point rather than immediately. This type of message is called "scheduled message".
    Delayed message: After a message is sent to the server, the business may want the consumer to receive it after a period of time rather than immediately. This type of message is called "delayed message".
    Actually, delayed message can be regarded as a special type of scheduled message, which is essentially the same thing.

    Directions

    Apache RocketMQ does not provide an API for you to freely set the delay time. In order to ensure compatibility with the open-source RocketMQ client, TDMQ for RocketMQ has designed a method to specify the message sending time by adding the property key-value pair to the message. You only need to add the __STARTDELIVERTIME property value to the property of the message that needs to be sent at a scheduled time (within 40 days). For delayed messages, you can first calculate the time point for scheduled sending and then send them as scheduled messages.
    A code sample is given below to show how to use scheduled and delayed messages in TDMQ for RocketMQ. You can also view the complete sample code >>

    Scheduled message

    To send a scheduled message, simply write a standard millisecond timestamp to the __STARTDELIVERTIME property before sending it.
    Message msg = new Message("test-topic", ("message content").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    // Set the message to be sent at 00:00:00 on 2021-10-01
    try {
    long timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").parse("10/1/2021 00:00:00").getTime();
    // Set `__STARTDELIVERTIME` into the property of `msg`
    msg.putUserProperty("__STARTDELIVERTIME", String.valueOf(timeStamp));
    SendResult result = producer.send(msg);
    System.out.println("Send delay message: " + result);
    } catch (ParseException e) {
    // TODO: Add the method for handling the timestamp parsing failure
    e.printStackTrace();
    }

    Delayed message

    For a delayed message, its scheduled sending time point is first calculated by System.currentTimeMillis() + delayTime, and then it is sent as a scheduled message.
    Message msg = new Message("test-topic", ("message content").getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
    
    // Set the message to be sent after 10 seconds
    long delayTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + 10000;
    // Set `__STARTDELIVERTIME` into the property of `msg`
    msg.putUserProperty("__STARTDELIVERTIME", String.valueOf(delayTime));
    
    SendResult result = producer.send(msg);
    System.out.println("Send delay message: " + result);

    Use Limits

    When using delayed messages, make sure that the time on the client is in sync with the time on the server (UTC+8 Beijing time in all regions); otherwise, there will be a time difference.
    There is a precision deviation of about 1 second for scheduled and delayed messages.
    The maximum time range for scheduled and delayed messages are both 40 days.
    When using scheduled messages, you need to set a time point after the current time; otherwise, the message will be sent to the consumer immediately.
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